EXPLANATION TEXT (Communicative Purpose, Generic Structure, Languages Features, Example, and Questions)

EXPLANATION

Communicative Purpose :

An explanation text explains the processes involved in the formation or workings of natural or non natural/ sociocultural phenomena. In addition, An explanation text gives you a step by step explanation. The explanation sequence contains a sequenced explanation of why or how something occurs. This explanation is written in paragraphs.

The concept of an explanation text:

Purpose: To explain the processes involved in the formation and working of natural or socio cultural phenomena

Generic structure:

1. A general statement to position the reader (introductory paragraph)

2. A sequenced explanation of why or how something occurs

3. Closing or concluding statement/ paragraph (optional)

Language Features:

· Focus on generic, non-human participants

· The use of general and abstract nouns

· The use of action verbs

· The use of simple present tense

· The use of passive voice

· The use of conjunctions of time and cause

· The use of noun phrases

· The use of complex sentences

· The use of technical language

Example of explanation text

RAINBOW

  Rainbow is a natural phenomenon that is so impressive. This phenomenon often appears after rain. Rainbow is an arc spectrum which is so large and occurs because the drops are refracted by sunlight. When the sun is shining and the light passing through water droplets, then you will see a refraction that causes a wide variety of colors. Light is refracted like light passing through a glass prism.

  Other names of the rainbow is a colour spectrum which is a symptom of optical and meteorological phenomenon in which light with different colors refracted parallel to each other into water droplets. You can also see this phenomenon under the very high and heavy waterfall.

How does rainbow happen in detail? All the happenings begin when the sunlight passing through the raindrops. Then the light is deflected to the center of the droplet. The white light, now separated from each other into a spectrum of colors. The process does not stop there.

  The colors that have been separated, then separate again into the very small portions. There is more light separated from each other in the droplets. Then there are more curved and finally those color form a light curve called a rainbow.

Can we make a rainbow? Of course. There are at least two ways that you can do to make a rainbow. First, you can use a spray containing water. We know that rainbows occur when sunlight passing through the raindrops. So, we make our own rain droplets from the water spray. In the morning or afternoon, spray water under the sun, then see the water droplets flying. Spray lots of water and you will see a small rainbow that you can touch easily.

  Second, use pieces of video discs then reflected to the light of the sun, and navigate to the wall or ceiling of your house. On the ceiling or the wall, you will see a colorful light that have the same color with the rainbow.

  That’s the definition of rainbow, how does it happen, and how we can make it true.

Question :

1.When the rainbow phenomenon occurred ?

  a. Occurred after the rain

  b. Occured before the rain

  c. Occured after the snow

  d. Occured after sunrise

  e. Occured after the moon

2. What is the other name of rainbow?

a. Colour spectrum

b. The sun

c. The waterfall

d. The raindrops

e. The heavy waterfall

3. How does rainbow start happen?

a.All the happenings begin when the sunlight passing through the raindrops

b.The happenings begin after the rain

c.Occurs because the drop are refracted by sunlight

d.The happenings begin before the rain

e.The rainbow start happen when sun come

4. When we can see the rainbow?

a.At autumn

b.At summer

c.At winter

d.Under the very high and heavy waterfall

e.At spring

5. Which satement not true?

a.Rainbow is a natural phenomenon that is so impressive

b.Light is refracted like light passing through a glass prism

c.There is more light separated from each other in the droplets

d.Rainbow is an arc spectrum which is so large

e.Rainbow is an arc spectrum which is so small